Paper • The following article is Open access

Feasibility of contrail avoidance in a commercial flight planning system: an operational analysis

A Martin Frias, M L Shapiro, Z Engberg, R Zopp, M Soler and M E J Stettler

Published 19 March 2024 • © 2024 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd
Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability, Volume 4, Number 1Citation A Martin Frias et al 2024 Environ. Res.: Infrastruct. Sustain. 4 015013DOI 10.1088/2634-4505/ad310c

Abstract

Aircraft condensation trails, also known as contrails, contribute a substantial portion of aviation’s overall climate footprint. Contrail impacts can be reduced through smart flight planning that avoids contrail-forming regions of the atmosphere. While previous studies have explored the operational impacts of contrail avoidance in simulated environments, this paper aims to characterize the feasibility and cost of contrail avoidance precisely within a commercial flight planning system. This study leverages the commercial Flightkeys 5D algorithm, developed by Flightkeys GmbH, with a prototypical contrail forecast model based on the Contrail Cirrus Prediction (CoCiP) model to simulate contrail avoidance on 49 411 flights during the first two weeks of June 2023, and 35 429 flights during the first two weeks of January 2024. The utilization of a commercial flight planning system enables high-accuracy estimates of additional cost and fuel investments by operators to achieve estimated reductions in contrail-energy forcing and overall flight global warming potential. The results show that navigational contrail avoidance will require minimal additional cost (0.08%) and fuel (0.11%) investments to achieve notable reductions in contrail climate forcing (−73.0%). This simulation provides evidence that contrail mitigation entails very low operational risks, even regarding fuel. This study aims to serve as an incentive for operators and air traffic controllers to initiate contrail mitigation testing as soon as possible and begin reducing aviation’s non-CO2 emissions.